Respirators on the Job

Workers are exposed to thousands of chemicals each day, many of which can be harmful. With nearly 200,000 injuries from chemical exposures each year, taking extra precautions when handling and working around chemicals begins with protecting your airways. Below we will review the different types of respirators that can be found on the job and when is the best time to use them.
 
What is a Respirator
A respirator is a device that protects you from inhaling dangerous substances, such as chemicals and infectious particles. They work by either filtering particles from the air, chemically cleaning (purifying) the air, or supplying clean air from an outside source. Before choosing a respirator, the airborne hazards and their concentration must be determined to make sure the device and filters will be sufficient.
 
Types of Respirators
There are four types of respirators, all of which filter, clean, or supply air to the individual. Let’s look at these types from the least protective to the most:
 
Particulate Respirator
Commonly known as “N-95” or “dust mask”, these respirators protect against dust particles, fumes, and mists. These are the most affordable respirators as they are typically disposable when finished. You will need to replace these respirators once they become discolored or the filter is clogged.
 
Air Purifying Respirator
Commonly known as “gas mask” or “half-face/full-face respirator”, air purifying respirators filter/clean the air as you breathe in. Equipped with filter cartridges, these respirators are secured to your face to create a seal around the mouth to prevent vapors and gases from entering the airway. These respirators typically require a medical examination and fit test to make sure the user is physically able to wear and breathe properly. Make sure you select the proper cartridges for the hazard at hand and replace them once they have expired or they reach their use limit.
 
Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
PAPRs use a fan to draw air through a filter to a helmet or hood. These are very similar to an air-purifying respirator, but do not require testing or a tight fit against the face. Filter cartridges are required and must be selected for the hazard you may face. Replace them once they have expired or reached their use limit.
 
Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
SCBAs use an air tank to supply clean air to the user through a mask. They provide the highest type of protection from high concentrations of chemicals and require specialized training before use. SCBAs are typically used in atmospheres that are immediately dangerous to life and health (IDLH) or are very oxygen deficient. Since there is an air tank, there are no filters or cartridges to replace, but the air tank itself will need to be inspected regularly and removed from use once it has reached its expiration.
 
While there are many varieties of respirators, making sure you select the best option for the hazard you face will keep you and your lungs safe from exposure. Make sure you know the hazards at hand, have the proper filters/cartridges for said hazard, and are physically able to use the respirator without any medical issues. To keep the conversation going, download the Respiratory Protection Toolbox Talk (TBT) or comment below.

Respiratory Protection TBT